UAE Corporate Tax Guide 2026 — Who Pays, What Is Exempt, How to File

← Back to Business Setup

The UAE introduced federal corporate tax in June 2023, ending the UAE's long-standing zero-tax status for business profits. The headline 9% rate on profits above AED 375,000 remains one of the world's most competitive, and the UAE's Qualifying Free Zone Person framework preserves a 0% rate for well-structured international businesses operating from UAE free zones. Understanding which entities are subject to tax, what income qualifies for exemptions, and how to comply with UAE corporate tax obligations is now essential for every business operating in the UAE. This guide covers everything you need to know for 2026.

UAE Corporate Tax — Key Numbers

  • Rate: 0% on taxable income ≤ AED 375,000 | 9% on taxable income > AED 375,000
  • Effective from: Financial years starting on or after 1 June 2023
  • Administering authority: Federal Tax Authority (FTA)
  • Small Business Relief threshold: Revenue ≤ AED 3 million per tax period
  • Filing deadline: 9 months after end of the relevant tax period
  • Registration deadline: All taxable persons must register with FTA (deadlines vary based on incorporation date)

Who Pays UAE Corporate Tax

UAE corporate tax applies to juridical persons incorporated in the UAE (all mainland and free zone companies), foreign juridical persons with a permanent establishment in the UAE, and natural persons conducting business in the UAE with annual turnover exceeding AED 1 million. The tax applies regardless of the nationality of the owner — a 100% foreign-owned Dubai mainland LLC is subject to UAE corporate tax in exactly the same way as an Emirati-owned company.

Exempt Entities

  • UAE federal and emirate government entities and government-controlled entities specified by Cabinet Decision
  • Qualifying public benefit organisations (charities, cultural, educational, and other public-purpose bodies)
  • Qualifying investment funds (subject to conditions)
  • Pension and social security funds regulated in the UAE
  • Entities wholly owned and controlled by exempt persons in certain circumstances

Qualifying Free Zone Persons — 0% Rate

The Qualifying Free Zone Person (QFZP) framework preserves the effective 0% corporate tax rate for international businesses established in UAE free zones that meet four core conditions:

  1. Maintained Substance: Adequate employees, operating expenditure, and assets in the UAE free zone proportionate to the nature and level of the business activity
  2. Qualifying Income: Income derived from transactions with other free zone persons, foreign customers, or specific qualifying activities (manufacturing, logistics, fund management, etc.) as defined by the FTA. Non-qualifying income (e.g., from UAE mainland customers) is subject to 9%
  3. No Mainland Opt-in: Must not have elected to be treated as a regular taxable person
  4. Transfer Pricing Compliance: Must maintain compliant transfer pricing documentation for related party transactions
Critical: Free zone companies do NOT automatically qualify as QFZPs — achieving 0% requires careful structural planning, documented substance, and ongoing compliance. A free zone company with significant UAE mainland-sourced revenue or inadequate substance will be taxed at 9% on all income. Review your free zone entity's QFZP eligibility with a UAE corporate tax advisor before your first tax period closes.

UAE Corporate Tax Filing and Compliance

Registration

All UAE resident juridical persons must register for corporate tax with the FTA, regardless of whether they will ultimately pay tax. Registration is done via the EmaraTax portal. Penalties apply for late registration.

Annual Tax Return

A corporate tax return must be filed for each tax period within 9 months of the end of that period. The return is filed electronically on EmaraTax. Most businesses use a 12-month tax period aligned with their financial year. Tax owed is due at the same time as the return filing.

Transfer Pricing

UAE corporate tax law includes OECD-aligned transfer pricing rules — transactions between related parties must be priced on an arm's-length basis. Companies with significant related-party transactions must maintain a Master File and Local File. Disclosure form requirements apply even for smaller businesses.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Does UAE corporate tax apply to dividends received from subsidiaries?

A: Dividends received from a qualifying participating interest (5%+ ownership in a subsidiary, held for at least 12 months) are eligible for a Participation Exemption — they are excluded from the UAE parent company's taxable income and effectively 0% taxed. Capital gains on disposal of qualifying participating interests are also exempt under the Participation Exemption. This makes the UAE a highly efficient holding location for multinational groups, as dividend flows from foreign subsidiaries can be received by a UAE holding company without UAE corporate tax.

Q: What are the penalties for late UAE corporate tax registration or filing?

A: Late registration penalties: AED 10,000 for failing to register on time. Late filing penalties: AED 500 per month for the first 12 months, AED 1,000 per month thereafter. Late payment of tax due: 14% per annum, calculated monthly. The FTA has discretion to waive penalties in some circumstances where there is a reasonable cause for non-compliance. Deliberate tax evasion carries significantly higher penalties under UAE law. All penalties are set by Federal Tax Authority Cabinet Decision and are subject to update — check the FTA's official guidance for current penalty schedules.

Q: Does the UAE have a minimum tax aligned with OECD Pillar Two?

A: The UAE has confirmed its intent to implement the OECD Pillar Two Global Minimum Tax (15% effective tax rate for large multinationals with annual revenue above EUR 750 million). As of 2026, the UAE has enacted Domestic Minimum Top-up Tax (DMTT) rules applicable for financial years starting on or after 1 January 2025. UAE multinationals above the EUR 750 million revenue threshold should assess their Pillar Two exposure, potential IIR (Income Inclusion Rule) obligations, and UAE DMTT liability with specialist tax advisors — this is a complex and rapidly evolving area.

Keep Reading

SUGGESTED READS

Get Expert Advice

Have a Question for Our Experts?

Our senior advisors are available to discuss your financial and strategic requirements — at no obligation.

Speak to an Advisor →